Bach - Brandenburg Concerto No. 3: First Movement, Allegro; Original Instruments; Voices of Music video free download

The first movement of Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G Major, performed on original instruments by the Early Music ensemble Voices of Music.

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NB: The complete concerto is now online here:

http://youtu.be/pdsyNwUoON0

In March of 1721, Johann Sebastian Bach carefully inked six of his best concertos into a book for the Margrave of Brandenburg, Christian Ludwig. The original title, "Six Concerts à plusieurs instruments" is now known as the "Brandenburg" Concertos in English or "Brandenburgische Konzerte" in German.

These six concertos represent the summa of chamber music in the high baroque period, and the third concerto (BWV 1048) is noted for its rich texture of three violins, three violas and three cellos, with a continuo part for the harpsichord and violone. The original title is as follows: "Concerto 3zo [terzo] a tre Violini, tre Viole, è tre Violoncelli col Basso per il Cembalo". On the continuo part, Bach has written "Violone & Cembalo", and this is how it is performed in the video, just as it is indicated in the original manuscript.

This concerto is part of the Voices of Music Great Works project. A Creative Commons edition of the score, based on the composer's manuscript, will be published to accompany the complete recording, and the recording will be available worldwide on Blu-Ray and CD, and for free on MP3 and high-definition, 24 bit FLAC files.

Voices of Music

Hanneke van Proosdij & David Tayler, directors

The Musicians and their Instruments (left to right)

Carla Moore, baroque violin by Johann Georg Thir, Vienna, Austria, 1754

Maxine Nemerovski, baroque violin by Timothy Johnson, Indiana, 1999 (after Stradivarius)

Gabrielle Wunsch, baroque violin by Lorenzo Carcassi, Florence, Italy, 1765

Katherine Kyme, baroque viola, Germany, anonymous, 18th century

Maria Caswell, baroque viola by William Old, Falmouth, England, 1895

Lisa Grodin, baroque viola by Mathias Eberl, Salzburg, Austria, 1680

Tanya Tomkins, baroque cello, Lockey Hill, London, England, 1798

Elisabeth Reed, baroque cello, anonymous, 1673

William Skeen, five string baroque cello, Anonymous, Italy, c1680

Farley Pearce, violone by George Stoppani, Manchester, 1985, after Amati, 1560

Hanneke van Proosdij, double manual harpsichord by Johannes Klinkhamer, Amsterdam (1996), after Ruckers-Goujon (1632/1745), Neuchâtel, Switzerland

A note on this video: The Brandenburg Concertos are ensemble pieces, and every musician has a finely-wrought musical line. Rather than assemble clips of small solos, the goal in presenting this work was to show the entire ensemble--in this way, the viewer can follow the counter-subjects as well as the main themes in the musical composition. A specially designed hyperfocal lens was used for the center camera to render the entire soundstage in focus, edge to edge and front to back, so that at resolutions of 1080p and higher, one can view each individual musician. Graduated depth of field was used on the supporting cameras to throw the image into relief when showing sections of instruments. Surround sound techniques were used to place the listener in the middle of the ensemble, so that each part can be clearly heard, as well as seen.

Text: For this recording, a new edition of the concerto was made based on Bach's autograph manuscript, with careful attention to the original articulation marks.

Original instruments: the Brandenburg concertos have been performed on every imaginable combination of instruments. We believe that the greatest transparency is achieved when the work is performed on instruments from the time of Bach, using the techniques and styles of the time. In Bach's time, music was performed without a conductor, and each musician had a voice in the interpretation.

Tempo: The first movement has no tempo indication, so a tempo of allegro was chosen based on the style of the music. In the baroque period, the tempo of allegro "assai" or presto would not have been usual for the opening movement; however, the tempo is left to the performers' imagination. The allegro tempo allows all the parts to be clearly heard.

Numerology: it is no coincidence that Bach attached special significance to the the numbers two and three, and their multiple of six. Since medieval times, the number three, the symbol of the trinity, was considered the "perfect" division for time signatures, and the combination of two and three form the rhythmic underpinnings of Western music. For the third concerto, it's all about the number three: Bach employed the unusual combination of 3+3+3: three violins, three violas, three cellos, possibly reworking an earlier composition for these resources.

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